Pracodawcy waszyngtońscy Radka Sikorskiego, „American Enterprise Institute” wypuścili jako „próbny balonik” kandydaturę kabały talmudycznej, na wybory

Pracodawcy waszyngtońscy Radka Sikorskiego, „American Enterprise Institute” wypuścili jako „próbny balonik” kandydaturę kabały talmudycznej, na wybory


Pracodawcy waszyngtońscy Radka Sikorskiego, „American Enterprise Institute” wypuścili jako „próbny balonik” kandydaturę kabały talmudycznej, na wybory prezydenta w USA, w osobach John’a McCain’a i wiceprezydenta Joseph’a Lieberman’a: pierwszy to kukła w rękach syjonistów i przemysłu naftowego, a drugi zaciekły talmudysta nawołujący do ataku USA na Iran.

McCain już ogłaszał jego plany okupacji Iraku na następne sto lat, żeby mieć dosyć czasu na rabunek paliwa z irakijskich pól ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego, a jednocześnie ubezpieczać ekstremistów izraelskich w ich konflikcie z Arabami. Natomiast Lieberman, „demokrata,” stracił poparcie partii demokratycznej z powodu jego nawoływania do nie-kończącej się pacyfikacji Iraku i do ataku na Iran. Wówczas Lieberman stał się „niezależnym” kandydatem na senatora i wygrał dzięki lobby Izraela.

Ben J. Wattenberg, planista z wyżej wymienionego neokonserwatywnego instytutu, wypuścił 22go lutego, 2008, jako „próbny balonik” kandydaturę kabały talmudycznej, na wybory prezydenta w USA, John’a McCain’a i na wiceprezydenta Joseph’a Lieberman’a, w artykule pod tytułem: „Dlaczego nie McCain-Lieberman ‘ticket’ (wyborcza spółka)?” Chodzi o to żeby Lieberman, wierny talmudysta, spełniał rolę „mózgu” McCain’a, oraz znalazł się jako pierwszy w linii następstwa na pozycję prezydenta USA.

Wattenberg twierdzi, że Liebreman już nie jest demokratą, chociaż bierze udział w naradach partii demokratycznej, z której wypędzono go z powodu jego nawoływania do wojny. Natomiast starzy Żydzi słuchających przemówień Lieberman’a przepowiadają, że on będzie prezydentem USA, dzięki poparciu lobby Izraela i religijnych talmudystów, udających, że zależy im na bezpieczeństwie Stanów Zjednoczonych.

Poza tym, jakoby Lieberman przyciągałby demokratów do głosowania na republikanów, zwłaszcza na Florydzie, która może przeważyć szalę na rzecz republikanów mimo tego, że większość Amerykanów jest przeciwna przeciąganiu okupacji Iraku i nowej wojnie przeciwko Iranowi. Narazie Lieberman zaklina się, że nie ubiega się o kandydowanie u boku McCain’a, ale planuje wziąć udział w zjeździe partii republikańskiej w czasie zatwierdzania, kto ma kandydować z ramienia tej partii.

Patriota Izraela, Lieberman twierdzi, że jest patriotą USA, który zaakceptowałby pozycję wice-prezydenta w rządzie McClain’a. Wattenberg przypuszcza, że McCain powinien przynajmniej zaoferować Lieberamnowi stanowisko sekretarza stanu, lub ministra obrony, na wypadek jego zwycięstwa w wyborach. Jednak Wattenberg twierdzi że taki układ wymaga starań, ponieważ jako wpływowy senator Lieberman, może woleć bronić interesów Izraela z pozycji senatora.

Według Wattenberga, jeżeli senator Barack Obama i senator Hilary Clinton będą niszczyć się wzajemnie w walce o głosy demokratów, to na tej walce mogą skorzystać republikanie i dla tego John McCain będzie następnym prezydentem USA. Wattenberg przygotowuje do druku książkę pod tytułem: „Walka na Słowa – Jak Liberałowie Stworzyli Neo-Konserwatyzm.”

Tymczasem wiadomo, że Irving Kristol i Norma Podhoretz, trockiści nawróceni na radykalny syjonizm, są twórcami ideologii neo-konserwatyzmu i głosicielami wojny permanentnej o demokrację (fasadową), tak jak kiedyś Leon Trocky nawoływał do wojny permanentnej o komunizm. Obecnie kandydatami kabały Wattenberga są John McCain i Joseph Lieberman.

Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski

Born Sept. 3, 1921
Lwów, Poland

in Dec 1939 left Warsaw. Dec 30, 1939 arrested by Ukrainians serving the Gestapo in Dukla, then transferred to Barwinek, Krosno, Jaslo, Tarnów, Oswiecim, arrived in Oranienburg-Sachsenhausen on Aug. 10, 1940.

April 19, 1945 started on the Death March of Brandenburg from Sachsenhausen; escaped gunfire of SS-guards and arrived to Schwerin and freedom on May 2, 1945.

September 1945 arrived in Brussels, Belgium; obtained admission as a regular student at the Catholic University: Institute Superieur de Commerce, St. Ignace in Antwerp.

in 1954 graduated in Civil Engineering at the top of his class. Was invited to join honorary societies: Tau Beta Pi (general engineering honorary society), Phi Kappa Phi (academic honorary society equivalent to Phi Beta Kappa), Pi Mu (mechanical engineering honorary society), and Chi Epsilon (civil engineering honorary society). Taught descriptive geometry at the University of Tennessee;

in 1955 graduated with M.S. degree in Industrial Engineering.

in 1955 started working for Shell Oil Company in New Orleans. After one year of managerial training was assigned to design of marine structures for drilling and production of petroleum.

in 1960 started working for Texaco Research and Development in Houston, Texas as a Project Engineer. Authored total of 50 American and foreign patents on marine structures for the petroleum industry;
wrote an article: The Rise and Fall of the Polish Commonwealth - A Quest for a Representative Government in Central and Eastern Europe in the 14th to 18th Centuries. Started to work on a Tabular History of Poland.

in 1972 moved to Blacksburg, Virginia. During the following years worked as Consulting Engineer for Texaco, also taught in Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University as Adjunct Professor in the College of Civil Engineering teaching courses on marine structures of the petroleum industry. Designed and supervised the construction of a hill top home for his family, also bought 500 acre ranch (near Thomas Jefferson National Forest) where he restored 200 years old mill house on a mountain stream.

in 1978 prepared Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. The dictionary included a Tabular History of Poland, Polish Language, People, and Culture as well as Pogonowski's phonetic symbols for phonetic transcriptions in English and Polish at each dictionary entry; the phonetic explanations were illustrated with cross-sections of speech (organs used to pronounce the sounds unfamiliar to the users). It was the first dictionary with phonetic transcription at each Polish entry for use by English speakers

in 1981 prepared Practical Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1983 prepared Concise Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. Wrote an analysis of Michael Ch ci ski's Poland, Communism, Nationalism, Anti-Semitism. Also selected crucial quotations from Norman Davies' God's Playground - A History of Poland on the subject of the Polish indigenous democratic process.

in 1985 prepared Polish-English Standard Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. Also prepared a revised and expanded edition of the Concise Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, also published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1987 prepared Poland: A Historical Atlas on Polish History and Prehistory including 200 maps and graphs as well as Chronology of Poland's Constitutional and Political Development, and the Evolution of Polish Identity - The Milestones. An introductory chapter was entitled Poland the Middle Ground. Aloysius A. Mazewski President of Polish-American Congress wrote an introduction. The Atlas was published by Hippocrene Books Inc. and later by Dorset Press of the Barnes and Noble Co. Inc. which sends some 30 million catalogues to American homes including color reproduction of book covers. Thus, many Americans were exposed to the cover of Pogonowski's Atlas showing the range of borders of Poland during the history - many found out for the firsttime that Poland was an important power in the past. Total of about 30,000 atlases were printed so far.

In 1988 the publication of Poland: A Historical Atlas resulted in a number of invitations extended by several Polonian organizations to Iwo Pogonowski to present Television Programs on Polish History. Pogonowski responded and produced over two year period 220 half-hour video programs in his studio at home (and at his own expense.) These programs formed a serial entitled: Poland, A History of One Thousand Years. Total of over 1000 broadcasts of these programs were transmitted by cable television in Chicago, Detroit-Hamtramck, Cleveland, and Blacksburg.

in 1990-1991 translated from the Russian the Catechism of a Revolutionary of 1869 in which crime has been treated as a normal part of the revolutionary program. Started preparation of the Killing the Best and the Brightest: A Chronology of the USSR-German Attempt to Behead the Polish Nation showing how the USSR became a prototype of modern totalitarian state, how this prototype was adapted in Germany by the Nazis.

in 1991 prepared Polish Phrasebook, Polish Conversations for Americans including picture code for gender and familiarity, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1991 prepared English Conversations for Poles with Concise Dictionary published by Hippocrene Books Inc. By then a total of over 100,000 Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionaries written by Pogonowski were sold in the United States and abroad.

in 1992 prepared a Dictionary of Polish, Latin, Hebrew, and Yiddish Terms used in Contacts between Poles and Jews. It was prepared for the history of Jews in Poland as well as 115 maps and graphs and 172 illustrations, paintings, drawings, and documents, etc. of Jewish life in Poland. This material was accompanied by proper annotations.

in 1993 prepared Jews in Poland, Rise of the Jews as a Nation from Congressus Judaicus in Poland to the Knesset in Israel, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. in 3000 copies. Foreword was written by Richard Pipes, professor of history at Harvard University, and Pogonowski's school mate in the Keczmar school in Warsaw. Part I included: a Synopsis of 1000 Year History of Jews in Poland; the 1264 Statute of Jewish Liberties in Poland in Latin and English translation; Jewish Autonomy in Poland 1264-1795; German Annihilation of the Jews. In appendixes are documents and illustrations. An Atlas is in the Part III. It is divided as follows: Early Jewish Settlements 966-1264; The Crucial 500 Years, 1264-1795; Competition (between Poles and Jews) Under Foreign Rule, 1795-1918; The Last Blossoming of Jewish Culture in Poland, 1918-1939; German Genocide of the Jews, 1940-1944; Jewish Escape from Europe 1945-1947 - The End of European (Polish) Phase of Jewish History (when most of world's Jewry lived in Europe). Pogonowski began to write a new book starting with the Chronology of the Martyrdom of Polish Intelligentsia during World War II and the Stalinist Terror; the book in preparation was entitled Killing the Best and the Brightest.

in 1995 prepared Dictionary of Polish Business, Legal and Associated Terms for use with the new edition of the Practical Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary and later to be published as a separate book.

in 1996 Pogonowski's Poland: A Historical Atlas; was translated into Polish; some 130 of the original 200 maps printed in color; the Chronology of Poland was also translated into Polish. The Atlas was published by Wydawnictwo Suszczy ski I Baran in Kraków in 3000 copies; additional publications are expected. Prepared Polish-English, Eglish-Polish Compact Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1997 finished preparation of the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics including over 200,000 entries, in three volumes on total of 4000 pages; it is published by Hippocrene Books Inc; the Polish title is: Uniwesalny S ownik Polsko-Angielski. Besides years of work Pogonowski spent over $50,000 on computers, computer services, typing, and proof reading in order to make the 4000 page dictionary camera ready; assisted in the preparation of second edition of Jews in Poland, Rise of the Jews from Congressus Judaicus in Poland to the Knesset in Israel published in fall of 1997. Prepared computer programs for English-Polish Dictionary to serve as a companion to the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary printed by the end of May 1997.

in 1998 Pogonowski organized preparation of CD ROM for the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary, Practical English-Polish Dictionary, Polish Phrasebook for Tourists and Travelers to Poland, all published earlier by Iwo C. Pogonowski. The Phrasebook includes 280 minutes of bilingual audio read by actors. Started preparation for a new edition of Poland: A Historical Atlas. New Appendices are being prepared on such subjects as: Polish contribution to Allied's wartime intelligence: the breaking of the Enigma Codes, Pune Munde rocket production; Poland's contribution to the international law since 1415; Poland's early development of rocket technology such as Polish Rocketry Handbook published in 1650 in which Poles introduced for the first time into the world's literature concepts of multiple warheads, multistage rockets, new controls in rocket flight, etc. Poland's Chronology is being enlarged to reflect the mechanisms of subjugation of Polish people by the Soviet terror apparatus. Continued preparation of the Killing the Best and the Brightest: A Chronology of the USSR-German Attempt to Behead the Polish Nation, including the 1992 revelations from Soviet archives as well as the current research in Poland. Continued preparation of two-volume English Polish Dictionary, a companion to the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary published in 1997. Reviewed Upiorna Dekada by J. T. Gross.

in 1999 Pogonowski continued writing Poland - An Illustrated History and preparing for it 21 maps and diagrams and 89 illustrations.

in 2000 Pogonowski prepared, in a camera ready form, Poland - An Illustrated History; it was published by Hippocrene Books Inc. NY 2000 and recommended by Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski, National Security Advisor under President Carter, as "An important contribution to the better understanding of Polish history, which demonstrates in a vivid fashion the historical vicissitudes of that major European nation."

Henry Ekstein, one of the Children of Tehran,Iran stood as a beacon of freedom

Henry Ekstein, one of the Children of Tehran,Iran stood as a beacon of freedom







Henry C. Ekstein of Teaneck has built up a fine reputation as a shrewd, original thinker among management consultants. One of his special insights is that you should try to wrest your solutions from the employees themselves, then let them share the credit for these solutions. "Interactive consulting" is what he calls it.


Henry Ekstein, one of the Children of Tehran, now lives in Teaneck.
For example, when you present a book of recommendations to the CEO, Ekstein suggests, the names of the employees who helped should be listed first as authors.

In short, get on the good side of the people responsible for carrying out your proposals.

Something less well known about Ekstein is that he is one of the remaining Children of Tehran, the 800 or so children who fled Poland in 1939— 65 years ago next week.

Today, Ekstein is still a consultant to a few companies and remains sharp as a tack. "How old are you?" "Do you mean my biological age? Psychological age? Intellectual age? Or how old I feel? I’m 38." A pause. "That’s how old I feel. Chronological age has no bearing on it." (He’s 81.)

He’s been in business as a private consultant since 1975, and his clients have included Fortune 500 companies as well as a lot of smaller companies. He and his wife, Livia, live in a modest but well-appointed Cape Cod, with paintings by Jewish artists on the walls.

He’s full of practical advice:

"We don’t know ourselves — until people tell us, we may not even know what we’re good at. I tell people what they’re good at. Most people underestimate themselves. They have low expectations. Fifty percent of what I do is help executives get more confidence. Everyone thinks that they’re worse than they are."

A book he’s written, "Change Without Stress for Business Success," has many more insights — such as:

• "Most probably, more people are laid off for personal or political reasons than for lack of ability."

• "[B]y some estimates, 95% of the things we worry about never happen, and another 4% will happen no matter what we do. Thus, we could eliminate 99% of our worries."

The book also contains practical advice on how to arrive at decisions, how to evaluate employees, and so forth. And some delicious quotes from various sources:

"I have always wished for my computer to be as easy to use as my telephone; my wish has come true because I can no longer figure out how to use my telephone." (That’s a quote from computer science expert Bjarne Stroustrup.)

And memorable jokes, such as: A Polish woman’s husband had left and hadn’t returned for two weeks. She went to a priest for guidance. The priest said he would consult holy books, then give her his answer. His conclusion: Her husband would come back soon. On her way out of the church, the woman encountered the church’s sexton, and asked him if her husband would ever return. His answer: Never.

The priest, hearing this, was enraged and demanded to know why the sexton had contradicted him. The sexton’s reply: "You looked at holy books. I took a good look at the woman."

In other words, to quote Ekstein’s book, "There is no substitute for looking at a problem with your own eyes."

The book is available from the Judaica House on Cedar Lane in Teaneck or from Ekstein himself.

After arriving in Palestine in 1943, Ekstein, age 16, went to a school for teachers, and spent three years teaching teachers. But he wanted to be an engineer, so he attended the Technion in Haifa, which he calls "Israel’s MIT."

He fought in the War of Independence, and tells of being summoned to the front one day and exposing himself to bombs fired by Jordanians. A 52-year-old soldier had declined to join Ekstein and his 20 companions, and as they hid behind rocks to avoid getting killed, they told themselves how smart that 52-year-old had been. But Ekstein survived, and so did his companions; the 52-year-old was killed when his home was struck by a bomb.

Deciding to become a management engineer rather than a mechanical and industrial engineer, Ekstein came to the United States and studied at City College, getting a master’s degree, and then a doctorate from Columbia.

He worked for various corporations, then opened his own firm. He’s lived in Teaneck for 43 years.

One day, visiting Jerusalem, he passed a bookstore and saw a book by someone named M. Ekstein. Curious, he looked through it and discovered that the author was a great-uncle of his. He bought copies for his own children — and decided to write a book that his own grandchildren could someday read.

Ekstein is active in Cong. Bnai Yeshurun, a few blocks from his home. "There’s so much wisdom and warmth in Jewish sources," he says.

He and his wife have three children: Meir, a rabbi who has a doctorate in psychology and has founded two schools in Israel; Barda, a lawyer in Jerusalem; and Elane, who has a doctorate in biotechnology and works at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot.
A Chapter of Forgotten History -- Polish people
By Ryszard Antolak, Summer 2002



Iran stood as a beacon of freedom and hope for almost a
million Polish citizens.
"Exhausted by hard labour, disease and starvation - barely recognizable as
human beings - we disembarked at the port of Pahlevi (Anzali), on the Caspian shore of Northern Iran. There, we knelt down together in our thousands along the sandy shoreline to kiss the soil of Persia. We had escaped Siberia, and were free at last. We had reached our longed-for "Promised Land"." Helena Woloch


In Tehran's Dulab cemetery, situated in a rundown area of the city, are the
graves of thousands of Polish men, women and children. It is not the only
such cemetery in Iran, but it is the largest and most well-known. All of the
gravestones, row upon row of them, bear the same date: 1942.

In that year, Iran stood as a beacon of freedom and hope for almost a
million Polish citizens released from the Soviet labor camps of Siberia and
Kazakhstan. After enduring terrible conditions travelling across Russia,
115,000 of them were eventually allowed to enter Iran. Most of them went on
to join the allied armies in the Middle East. The rest (mostly women and
children) remained guests of Iran for up to three years, their lives totally
transformed in the process. They never forgot the debt they owed to the
country that had so generously opened its doors to them. Their
reminiscences, as well as the many graves left behind in Tehran, Anzali and
Ahvaz, are testimony to a chapter of Iranian history almost erased from the
public memory.


From Poland to Iran
(http://www.rozanehmagazine.com/JanFeb2005/apoilishiniran.html)

In 1939, the Soviet Union had participated with Nazi Germany in the invasion
and partition of Poland. In the months that followed, the Soviets began a
policy of ethnic cleansing in the area to weed out what they called
"socially dangerous and anti-soviet elements". As a result, an estimated 1.5
million civilians were forcibly expelled from their homes in the course of
four mass deportations. Thrust at gunpoint into cattle trucks, they were
transported to remote labour camps all over Siberia and Kazakhstan. [1]

Their fate was completely changed in June 1941 when Germany unexpectedly
attacked Russia. In need of as many allies it could find, Russia agreed to
release all the Polish citizens it held in captivity. [2] Shortly
afterwards, provision was also made for the creation of an army from these
newly-freed prisoners. It was to be commanded by General Wladyslaw Anders,
recently released from the Lubyanka prison in Moscow. Stalin intended to
mobilize this new army immediately against the Germans in the West; but
Anders persuaded him to hold back until the Poles had recovered their health
and strength after two years of exhaustion in the labour camps.

Swept onwards by the rumours that Stalin was about to allow some of them to
leave his "Soviet Paradise", these former prisoners of the Gulag system
began a desperate journey southwards, some of them on foot, to reach the
reception camps set up for them on the borders of Iran and Afghanistan. They
travelled thousands of miles from their places of exile in the most distant
regions of the Soviet Union. It was an exodus of biblical proportions in
terrible conditions. Many froze to death on the journey or starved. Others
kept themselves alive by selling whatever personal objects they had been
fortunate enough to have brought with them. Exhausted mothers, unable to
walk any further, placed their children into the arms of strangers to save
them from certain death. [3]

Arrived at the army reception camps in Tashkent, Kermine, Samarkand and
Ashkhabad, the refugees attempted to enlist in the Polish army, for which
the Soviets had allocated some food and provisions. There was nothing,
however, for the hundreds of thousands of hungry civilians, mostly women and
children, who were camped outside the military bases. Instead of increasing
provisions to the camps, the Soviets actually cut them. In response, the
Polish army enlisted as many of the civilians as they could into its ranks,
even children (regardless of age or sex) to save them from starvation. In
the baking heat, dysentery, typhus, and scarlet fever became rampant.
Communal graves in Uzbekistan could not keep up with the numbers who were
dying. By 1942, only half of the 1.7 million Polish citizens arrested by the
Soviets at the start of the war were still alive.

Their salvation finally came when Stalin was persuaded to evacuate a
fraction of the Polish forces to Iran. A small number of civilians were
allowed to accompany them. The rest had no option but to remain behind and
face their fate as Soviet citizens.


Port of Pahlevi

The evacuation of Polish nationals from the Soviet Union took place by sea
from Krasnovodsk to Pahlevi (Anzali), and (to a lesser extent) overland from
Ashkabad to Mashhad. It was conducted in two phases: between 24 March and 5
April; and between the 10th and 30th of August 1942. In all, 115,000 people
were evacuated, 37,000 of them civilians, 18,000 children (7% of the number
of Polish citizens originally exiled to the Soviet Union).

A makeshift city comprising over 2000 tents (provided by the Iranian army)
was hastily erected along the shoreline of Pahlevi to accommodate the
refugees. It stretched for several miles on either side of the lagoon: a
vast complex of bathhouses, latrines, disinfection booths, laundries,
sleeping quarters, bakeries and a hospital. Every unoccupied house in the
city was requisitioned, every chair appropriated from local cinemas.
Nevertheless, the facilities were still inadequate.

The Iranian and British officials who first watched the Soviet oil tankers
and coal ships list into the harbour at Pahlevi on the 25th March 1942 had
little idea how many people to expect or what physical state they might be
in. Only a few days earlier, they had been alarmed to hear that civilians,
women and children, were to be included among the evacuees, something for
which they were totally unprepared. [4] The ships from Krasnovodsk were
grossly overcrowded. Every available space on board was filled with
passengers. Some of them were little more than walking skeletons covered in
rags and lice. Holding fiercely to their precious bundles of possessions,
they disembarked in their thousands at Pahlevi and kissed the soil of
Persia. Many of them sat down on the shoreline and prayed, or wept for joy.
They were free at last!

They had not quite escaped, however. Weakened by two years of starvation,
hard labour and disease, they were suffering from a variety of conditions
including exhaustion, dysentery, malaria, typhus, skin infections, chicken
blindness and itching scabs. General Esfandiari, appointed by the Iranians
to oversee the evacuation, met with his Polish and British counterparts to
discuss how to tackle the spread of Typhus, the most serious issue facing
them.

It was decided to divide the reception area into two parts: an "infected"
area and a "clean" area, separated from each other by a barbed wire fence.
On arrival, those who were suspected of having infectious diseases were
quarantined in the closed section for four days, or else sent to the camp
hospital. 40% of patients admitted to the hospital were suffering from
typhus. Most of these died within a month or two of arriving. At this time
there were only 10 doctors and 25 nurses in the whole of Pahlevi.

In the clean area, the arrivals were channelled into a series of tents where
their clothes were collected and burned. They were then showered, deloused,
and some of them had their heads shaved in the interests of hygiene. As a
result, women began to wear headscarves to conceal their baldness. Finally,
they were given sheets, blankets and fresh clothes by the Red Cross and
directed to living quarters.

Food provision was inappropriate. Corned beef, fatty soup and lamb,
distributed by the British soldiers, caused havoc with digestions accustomed
only to small pieces of dry bread. They could not tolerate the rich food,
and a large number died purely from the results of over-eating.

Beggarly, unwell and dishevelled, the Polish refugees were nourished more by
the smiles and generosity of the Iranian people than by the food dished out
by British and Indian soldiers. Iran at that time was going through one of
the unhappier episodes of her history. Occupied by the Russians and the
British, her relations with the soldiers of these two countries were
understandably strained and difficult. With the Poles, however, there was an
immediate affinity which was evident from the moment they arrived and which
extended from the lowest to the highest levels of society.

On 11th April 1942 Josef Zajac, chief of Polish forces in the Middle East,
noted in his diary on a visit to Tehran that the Persian population were
better disposed to them than either the British or the White Russian emigres
(who were distinctly hostile). His relationship with the Iranian Minister of
War, Aminollah Jahanbani (released a year earlier from prison for plotting
against Shah Reza Pahlavi), was genuinely friendly and cordial. During the
course of their discussions together on 13th April 1942, they discovered
that they had been students together at the same French military academy.
[5] Personal friendships such as these further smoothed relations between
the two populations. Contacts between Polish and Persian soldiers were
equally cordial. The custom of Polish soldiers saluting Persian officers on
the streets sprang up spontaneously, and did not go unnoticed by the
Iranians


Isfahan: The City Of Polish Children

Washed up in the detritus of evacuees arriving at Pahlevi had been over
18,000 children of all ages and sexes (mostly girls). [6] Not all of them
were orphans. Some had been separated from their families during the long
journey through Russia. Their condition was especially desperate. Many were
painfully emaciated and malnourished. Orphanages were set up in immediately
in Pahlevi, Tehran and Ahvaz to deal with them as a matter of urgency.

The first major orphanage to be opened was situated in Mashhad, and was run
by an order of Christian nuns. It opened its doors on March 12 1942. The
children at this home were predominantly those transported over the border
from Ashkabad by trucks.

Eventually, however, Isfahan was chosen as the main centre for the care of
Polish orphans, particularly those who were under the age of seven. They
began arriving there on 10th April 1942. It was believed that in the
pleasant surroundings and salutary air of this beautiful city, they would
have a better chance of recovering their physical and mental health.

Iranian civil authorities and certain private individuals vacated premises
to accommodate the children. Schools, hospitals and social organizations
sprang up quickly all over the city to cater for the growing colony. The
young Shah, Mohamed Reza Pahlavi took especial interest in the Polish
children of Isfahan. He allowed them the use of his swimming pool, and
invited groups of them to his palace for dinner. In time, some of the
children began to learn Farsi and were able to recite Persian poems to a
delegation of Iranian officials who visited the city. At its peak,
twenty-four areas of
the city were allocated to the orphans. As a result, Isfahan became known
ever after in Polish emigre circles as "The City of Polish Children".


Exile in Iran

The refugees remained in Pahlevi for a period of a few days to several
months before being transferred to other, more permanent camps in Tehran,
Mashhad, and Ahvaz. Tehran possessed the greatest number of camps. A
constant stream of trucks transported the exiles by awkward twisted roads
from the Caspian to Quazvin, where they were put up for the night on school
floors, before continuing their journey next morning to the capital.

Tehran's five transit camps, one army and four civilian, were situated in
various parts of the metropolitan area. Once again, certain Iranian
authorities and individuals volunteered buildings (even sports stadiums and
swimming baths) for the exclusive use of the refugees. Camp No.2, however,
(the largest) was nothing more than a collection of tents outside the city.
Camp No. 4, was a deserted munitions factory. No. 3 was situated in the
Shah's own garden, surrounded by flowing water and beautiful trees There was
also a Polish hospital in the city, a hostel for the elderly, an orphanage
(run by the Sisters of Nazareth) and a convalescent home for sick children
(Camp No. 5) situated in Shemiran.

Most able-bodied men (and women) of military age enlisted forthwith in the
army and were assigned to military camps. Their stay in Iran was a short
one. The army was quickly evacuated to Lebanon and included in the Polish
forces being reformed there. Their route to Lebanon was either overland from
Kermanshah (6 rest stations were set up for them along the way to Latrun),
or by ship from the southern port of Ahvaz. The remainder - women, children
and men over the age of military service - remained behind in Iran, some of
them for periods up to three years.

Something more than food and clothing are necessary for the human spirit to
survive and grow. Art and Culture are antibodies to feelings of despondency
and decay, and within a few months of their arrival, the exiles had set up
their own theatres, art galleries, study circles, and radio stations all
over the city. Artists and craftsmen began to give exhibitions. Polish
newspapers began to spring up; and restaurants began to display Polish flags
on the streets.

Among the organizations formed to care for the educational and cultural
needs of the exiles was the influential "Institute of Iranian Studies" begun
by a small group of Polish academicians. [7] In three years from 1943 to
1945 this group published three scholarly volumes and scores of other
articles on Polish-Iranian affairs. Most of the material was later
translated into Farsi and published under the title "Lahestan". By 1944,
however, Iran was already emptying of Poles. They were leaving for other D.P
camps in places such as Tanganyika, Mexico, India, New Zealand and the UK.
Their main exit route was Ahvaz, where an area of the city still called
Campolu today, is a distant echo of its original name "Camp Polonia".
Mashhad's last children left on the 10 June 1944. Ahvaz finally closed its
camp doors in June 1945. The last transport of orphans left Isfahan for
Lebanon on the 12 October 1945.


What Remains

The deepest imprint of the Polish sojourn in Iran can be found in the
memoirs and narratives of those who lived through it. The debt and gratitude
felt by the exiles towards their host country echoes warmly throughout all
the literature. The kindness and sympathy of the ordinary Iranian population
towards the Poles is everywhere spoken of. [8]

The Poles took away with them a lasting memory of freedom and friendliness,
something most of them would not know again for a very long time. For few of
the evacuees who passed through Iran during the years 1942 - 1945 would ever
to see their homeland again. By a cruel twist of fate, their political
destiny was sealed in Tehran in 1943. In November of that year, the leaders
of Russia, Britain and the USA met in the Iranian capital to decide the fate
of Post-war Europe. During their discussions (which were held in secret), it
was decided to assign Poland to the zone of influence of the Soviet Union
after the war. It would lose both its independence and its territorial
integrity. The eastern part of the country, from which the exiles to Iran
had been originally expelled, would be incorporated wholesale into the
Soviet Union. The Polish government was not informed of the decision until
years later, and felt understandably betrayed. 48,000 Polish soldiers would
lose their lives fighting for the freedom of the very nations whose
governments had secretly betrayed them in Tehran, and later (in 1945) in
Yalta. [9]


NOTES

1. There were four mass deportations of the civilian population of eastern
Poland in 1940/41 alone:
a) 10 Feb 1940. 250,000 from rural areas sent to Siberia in 110 cattle
trains.
b) 13 April 1940. 300,000, mostly women & children 160 trains) mostly to
Kazakhstan and Altai Kraj.
c) June/July 1940. 400,000 to Archangielsk, Sverdlovsk, Novosibirsk etc.
d) June 1941. 280,000 to various part of USSR. Some 500,000 Poles had also
been arrested by the Soviets between 1939 and 1941, mostly the government
officials, judges teachers lawyers, intellectuals, writers etc. So the total
of 1.7 million Poles were in captivity in the Soviet Union.
2. Under an agreement signed on 30th July 1941 by the Polish premier,
General Sikorski and the Russian representative I. Mayski, Russia agreed to
release all the Poles who had been arrested under what was termed an
"amnesty". The word "amnesty" was extremely ill-chosen. The amnesty was
signed in London in the presence of Winston Churchill and Anthony Eden.
3. Although the "amnesty" was announced in July, the news did not filter
through to many of the remoter camps of eastern Siberia until December. For
others, the news never reached them at all, and they remained in Russia.
4. General Anders himself took the responsibility to evacuate the civilians
before he had even discussed it with the British.
5. They had studied at the Ecole Superieure de Guerre in Paris. General
Anders, who visited Jahanbani in Teheran a few months later, was also a
graduate of this school.
6. On Jan 6 1943, the Polish embassy was told to close all 400 of its
welfare agencies on Russian soil (including orphanages and hospitals). Two
months later, all Polish citizens remaining on Russian soil were deemed to
be Soviet citizens.
7. The president was Stanislaw Koscialkowski
8 The word "kish-mish" passed into the vocabulary of the survivors. Many
Polish boys were named Dariusz, still extremely popular as a boy's name in
Poland today.
9. Polish soldiers were not even allowed to participate in the Victory
parade in London in 1945

References:
Faruqi, Anwar. Forgotten Polish Exodus to Iran. Washington Post. 23 Nov 2000
Kunert, Andrzej. K., Polacy w Iranie 1942-45. Vol I. R.O.P.W.i M. Warsawa.
2002
Mironowicz, Anna, Od Hajnowki do Pahlewi. Editions Spotkania. Paris 1986
Woloch, Helena, Moje Wspomnienia. Sovest. Kotlas 1998

Monte Cassino

Monte Cassino

The Battle For Monte Cassino - 6/6

The Battle For Monte Cassino - 6/6

Fayha Choir in Łódzki Dom Kultury (Łódź - Poland)

Fayha Choir in Łódzki Dom Kultury (Łódź - Poland)

organic bee ///(2)おそうじ その1

Professor Ivo Cyprian Pogonowski Irak, Wielka Nafta i Turcja

Professor Ivo Cyprian Pogonowski Irak, Wielka Nafta i Turcja


Irak, Wielka Nafta i Turcja


USA buduje i zabezpiecza permanentne bazy w Iraku, żeby kontrolować drugie, co do wielkości, największe rezerwy paliwa, na świecie. Skarb amerykański płaci dwa miliardy dziennie, żeby zabezpieczyć operacje i zyski wielkich korporacji energetycznych, takich jak Exxon-Mobil, Shell, Haliburtun, etc. plus prywatnych ochraniarzy i dostawców żerujących na wojsku amerykańskim.

W perspektywie polityki osi USA-Izrael i stałych baz amerykańskich w Iraku, nie może być mowy o dominacji Zatoki Perskiej przez Iran, mimo wzrostu sił tego państwa z powodu zniszczeń w Iraku. Izrael czuje się bezpieczniej dzięki bazom USA w Iraku i może wyzyskiwać fakt, że USA zużywa 25% paliwa światowego a jednocześnie ma dwa procent rezerw, a obecnie importuje 60% swego zapotrzebowania. Tak, więc gwarancja dostępu do zasobów energetycznych Iraku jest ważna dla USA, ale nie wymaga popełniania zbrodni międzynarodowych jak to się dotychczas dzieje.

Obecnie ministrem paliwa Iraku jest Hussain al-Szahristani, fizyk nuklearny, oponent Saddam’a Hussein’a, który był torturowany w czasie 10 lat więzienia, do czasu jego ucieczki z Abu Gharib w 1991 roku. Szahristani mówi dobrze po angielsku i jest szyitą w dobrych stosunkach z ayatolą al-Sistani, a jednocześnie jest w stanie udostępniać paliwo zachodnim korporacjom.

Nie tylko udowodnione rezerwy Iraku są drugie na świecie po Arabii Saudyjskiej ale jak dotąd 30% powierzchni Iraku nie zostało sprawdzone i potencjalnie rezerwy Iraku mogą wynosić około 250 miliardów standartowych baryłek nie licząc gazu ziemnego.
Wobec fiaska pacyfikacji Iraku, rabunkowy plan „dzielenia zysków” Dick’a Chenney’a jest trudny do zrealizowania i Szahristani jest w pozycji pertraktować z wielkimi korporacjami kontrakty na pojedyncze wielkie pola ropy naftowej, każde mające minimum pięć miliardów beczułek w złożach. Jest możliwe, że Irak posiada największe na świecie nie eksploatowanych rezerw złóż ropy naftowej, zwłaszcza, że dotychczasowe oceny są oparte na prymitywnych badaniach sejsmograficznych.

Z tego powodu Szahristani jest ważnym człowiekiem na światowym rynku energetycznym, który może podpisywać wielkie kontrakty na produkcję ropy naftowej, zwłaszcza, że 75% rezerw światowych jest upaństwowionych w krajkach nie zdominowanych przez USA, tak, że wymuszanie przez USA niskich cen paliwa jest coraz trudniejsze, wobec obecnego kryzysu.

Produkcja Arabii Saudyjskiej osiągnęła szczyt i powoli będzie zmniejszać się tak, że kontrola zasobów Iraku jest strategicznie ważna dla USA i dlatego syjonistom udało się dokonać napadu na Irak, za pomocą amerykańskiej maszyny wojennej. Tymczasem na świecie wzrasta zapotrzebowanie na paliwo z obecnych 85 milionów baryłek dziennie do 116 w 2030 roku. Podczas gdy w regionie Zatoki Perskiej jest 62% rezerw, to region ten z powodów politycznych zwalnia tempo podnoszenia produkcji, w ciągu najbliższych lat.

Zachodnie korporacje chciałyby żeby Irak produkował dziennie 30 milionów baryłek ropy przez najbliższe 20 lat, zwłaszcza, że produkowane rezerwy wyczerpują się, podczas gdy w Iraku koszt produkcji należy do najniższych na świecie (około jednego dolara za baryłkę standartową ropy naftowej).

Pola ropy naftowej są rozłożone w Iraku dosyć równomiernie i są łatwo dostępne w warunkach stabilnego pokoju, możliwego do osiągnięcia za pomocą ustępstw wobec plemion zamieszkujących Irak i przekupywania ich starszyzny, czego dotąd nie stosowano na wielką skalę, ale sytuacja ulega zmianom na szkodę Al-Qaidy i na korzyść bezpieczeństwa rurociągów oraz ludzi zarudnionych przy produkcji paliwa.

Szahristani powiedział dziennikarzom, że w przeciągu następnych czterech lat produkcja w Iraku może osiągnąć 6 milionów baryłek dziennie a gospodarka Iraku ma wzrastać 7% rocznie, zamiast obecnego tempa 1,3% na rok. Tymczasem rabunkowy projekt „udziału w zyskach” Dicka Chenneey natrafia na opór w parlamencie w Bagdadzie, więc dyrektorzy korporacji pertraktują z Szahristani w sprawie usprawnień i podniesienia produkcji za pomocą szkolenia pracowników i dostarczania sprzętu.

Tymczasem Szahristani ogłasza że ma oferty z Chin, Rosji, Indii i Brazylii. Szahristani twierdzi, że prawo dotyczące produkcji ropy naftowej w Iraku musi być zatwierdzone przez referendum całej ludności Iraku, po osiągnięciu niepodległości przez Irakijczyków. co jest przeciwne życzeniom osi USA-Izrael, która chciałaby przeciągać okupację Iraku na następne sto lat, jak o tym mówi Jon McCaine, republikański kandydat na prezydenta USA.

Rząd Busha chce narzucić marionetkowemu rządowi w Iraku kontrakt na permanentną zgodę na bazy USA kontrolujące Irak na przyszłość tak długo, póki wszystka ropa naftowa i gaz ziemny nie będzie wypompowany z rezerw Iraku. Szahristani był studentem w Moskwie w latach 1960tych i teraz pertraktuje z Rosją i z Unią Europejską, którą odwiedził 31 stycznia, 2008.

Rurociąg 3,300 km. długi planowany przez UE przez tereny Bliskiego Wschodu do Europy omijałyby Rosją i prowadził przez Turcję do Austrii. Szahristani powiedział, że za dwa do trzech lat, chciałby uruchomić dostawy gazu ziemnego z Iraku do Europy z rezerw ocenianych na 11,000 miliardów stóp kubicznych. Shell ubiega się o kontrakt produkcji gazu ziemnego w Iraku. W rezultacie Iran będzie eksportował więcej paliwa do Azji a USA już sprowadza więcej paliwa z Afryki niż z Bliskiego Wschodu.

Izrael stara się o paliwo z Iraku jako partner w strategii osi USA-Izrael powiązany z Indiami i z Turcją. Natomiast Turcja planuje rurociąg gazu ziemnego z Iraku do portu Jumartalik, z którego chce eksportować skroplony gaz do Izraela i Indii. USA nadal chce uniemożliwić rosyjski „rurociąg pokoju” z Iranu przez Pakistan i Indie do Chin oraz popiera izraelski rurociąg z Aszkelon do portu Eliat gdzie statki z Indii dochodzą omijając Kanał Sueski.

USA popiera powiązania skłóconego z Arabami Izraela z Indiami. Opinia publiczna w Indiach jest przeciwna rabunkowi paliwa z Iraki przez USA, podczas gdy Turcja stara się współdziałać z USA w eksploatacji paliwa z Iraku być może za cenę zmniejszenia rozwijającej się współpracy Turcji z Iranem, której to współpracy sprzeciwia się Izrael.

Natomiast Izrael chce wykorzystać swe wpływy w Kurdystanie i sprowadzać paliwo z północnego Iraku i przy tej okazji poprawić stosunki Izraela z Turcją. Tymczasem Turcja zwalcza partyzantkę Kurdów w północnym Iraku za zgodą USA, które znowu przestaje popierać Kurdów tak jak to nieraz USA czyniły z Polakami. Turcja staje się głównym aliantem USA w Iraku, kosztem Kurdów, mimo tego że Turcy nie brali udziału w ataku USA na Irak.

W oczach Unii Europejskiej Turcja staje się ważnym krajem w sprawie dostaw paliwa z Bliskiego Wschodu i fakt ten może pomóc Turcji, w jej ambicjach żeby stać się członkiem Unii Europejskiej.

Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski

Born Sept. 3, 1921
Lwów, Poland

in Dec 1939 left Warsaw. Dec 30, 1939 arrested by Ukrainians serving the Gestapo in Dukla, then transferred to Barwinek, Krosno, Jaslo, Tarnów, Oswiecim, arrived in Oranienburg-Sachsenhausen on Aug. 10, 1940.

April 19, 1945 started on the Death March of Brandenburg from Sachsenhausen; escaped gunfire of SS-guards and arrived to Schwerin and freedom on May 2, 1945.

September 1945 arrived in Brussels, Belgium; obtained admission as a regular student at the Catholic University: Institute Superieur de Commerce, St. Ignace in Antwerp.

in 1954 graduated in Civil Engineering at the top of his class. Was invited to join honorary societies: Tau Beta Pi (general engineering honorary society), Phi Kappa Phi (academic honorary society equivalent to Phi Beta Kappa), Pi Mu (mechanical engineering honorary society), and Chi Epsilon (civil engineering honorary society). Taught descriptive geometry at the University of Tennessee;

in 1955 graduated with M.S. degree in Industrial Engineering.

in 1955 started working for Shell Oil Company in New Orleans. After one year of managerial training was assigned to design of marine structures for drilling and production of petroleum.

in 1960 started working for Texaco Research and Development in Houston, Texas as a Project Engineer. Authored total of 50 American and foreign patents on marine structures for the petroleum industry;
wrote an article: The Rise and Fall of the Polish Commonwealth - A Quest for a Representative Government in Central and Eastern Europe in the 14th to 18th Centuries. Started to work on a Tabular History of Poland.

in 1972 moved to Blacksburg, Virginia. During the following years worked as Consulting Engineer for Texaco, also taught in Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University as Adjunct Professor in the College of Civil Engineering teaching courses on marine structures of the petroleum industry. Designed and supervised the construction of a hill top home for his family, also bought 500 acre ranch (near Thomas Jefferson National Forest) where he restored 200 years old mill house on a mountain stream.

in 1978 prepared Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. The dictionary included a Tabular History of Poland, Polish Language, People, and Culture as well as Pogonowski's phonetic symbols for phonetic transcriptions in English and Polish at each dictionary entry; the phonetic explanations were illustrated with cross-sections of speech (organs used to pronounce the sounds unfamiliar to the users). It was the first dictionary with phonetic transcription at each Polish entry for use by English speakers

in 1981 prepared Practical Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1983 prepared Concise Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. Wrote an analysis of Michael Ch ci ski's Poland, Communism, Nationalism, Anti-Semitism. Also selected crucial quotations from Norman Davies' God's Playground - A History of Poland on the subject of the Polish indigenous democratic process.

in 1985 prepared Polish-English Standard Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. Also prepared a revised and expanded edition of the Concise Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, also published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1987 prepared Poland: A Historical Atlas on Polish History and Prehistory including 200 maps and graphs as well as Chronology of Poland's Constitutional and Political Development, and the Evolution of Polish Identity - The Milestones. An introductory chapter was entitled Poland the Middle Ground. Aloysius A. Mazewski President of Polish-American Congress wrote an introduction. The Atlas was published by Hippocrene Books Inc. and later by Dorset Press of the Barnes and Noble Co. Inc. which sends some 30 million catalogues to American homes including color reproduction of book covers. Thus, many Americans were exposed to the cover of Pogonowski's Atlas showing the range of borders of Poland during the history - many found out for the firsttime that Poland was an important power in the past. Total of about 30,000 atlases were printed so far.

In 1988 the publication of Poland: A Historical Atlas resulted in a number of invitations extended by several Polonian organizations to Iwo Pogonowski to present Television Programs on Polish History. Pogonowski responded and produced over two year period 220 half-hour video programs in his studio at home (and at his own expense.) These programs formed a serial entitled: Poland, A History of One Thousand Years. Total of over 1000 broadcasts of these programs were transmitted by cable television in Chicago, Detroit-Hamtramck, Cleveland, and Blacksburg.

in 1990-1991 translated from the Russian the Catechism of a Revolutionary of 1869 in which crime has been treated as a normal part of the revolutionary program. Started preparation of the Killing the Best and the Brightest: A Chronology of the USSR-German Attempt to Behead the Polish Nation showing how the USSR became a prototype of modern totalitarian state, how this prototype was adapted in Germany by the Nazis.

in 1991 prepared Polish Phrasebook, Polish Conversations for Americans including picture code for gender and familiarity, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1991 prepared English Conversations for Poles with Concise Dictionary published by Hippocrene Books Inc. By then a total of over 100,000 Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionaries written by Pogonowski were sold in the United States and abroad.

in 1992 prepared a Dictionary of Polish, Latin, Hebrew, and Yiddish Terms used in Contacts between Poles and Jews. It was prepared for the history of Jews in Poland as well as 115 maps and graphs and 172 illustrations, paintings, drawings, and documents, etc. of Jewish life in Poland. This material was accompanied by proper annotations.

in 1993 prepared Jews in Poland, Rise of the Jews as a Nation from Congressus Judaicus in Poland to the Knesset in Israel, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. in 3000 copies. Foreword was written by Richard Pipes, professor of history at Harvard University, and Pogonowski's school mate in the Keczmar school in Warsaw. Part I included: a Synopsis of 1000 Year History of Jews in Poland; the 1264 Statute of Jewish Liberties in Poland in Latin and English translation; Jewish Autonomy in Poland 1264-1795; German Annihilation of the Jews. In appendixes are documents and illustrations. An Atlas is in the Part III. It is divided as follows: Early Jewish Settlements 966-1264; The Crucial 500 Years, 1264-1795; Competition (between Poles and Jews) Under Foreign Rule, 1795-1918; The Last Blossoming of Jewish Culture in Poland, 1918-1939; German Genocide of the Jews, 1940-1944; Jewish Escape from Europe 1945-1947 - The End of European (Polish) Phase of Jewish History (when most of world's Jewry lived in Europe). Pogonowski began to write a new book starting with the Chronology of the Martyrdom of Polish Intelligentsia during World War II and the Stalinist Terror; the book in preparation was entitled Killing the Best and the Brightest.

in 1995 prepared Dictionary of Polish Business, Legal and Associated Terms for use with the new edition of the Practical Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary and later to be published as a separate book.

in 1996 Pogonowski's Poland: A Historical Atlas; was translated into Polish; some 130 of the original 200 maps printed in color; the Chronology of Poland was also translated into Polish. The Atlas was published by Wydawnictwo Suszczy ski I Baran in Kraków in 3000 copies; additional publications are expected. Prepared Polish-English, Eglish-Polish Compact Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.

in 1997 finished preparation of the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics including over 200,000 entries, in three volumes on total of 4000 pages; it is published by Hippocrene Books Inc; the Polish title is: Uniwesalny S ownik Polsko-Angielski. Besides years of work Pogonowski spent over $50,000 on computers, computer services, typing, and proof reading in order to make the 4000 page dictionary camera ready; assisted in the preparation of second edition of Jews in Poland, Rise of the Jews from Congressus Judaicus in Poland to the Knesset in Israel published in fall of 1997. Prepared computer programs for English-Polish Dictionary to serve as a companion to the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary printed by the end of May 1997.

in 1998 Pogonowski organized preparation of CD ROM for the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary, Practical English-Polish Dictionary, Polish Phrasebook for Tourists and Travelers to Poland, all published earlier by Iwo C. Pogonowski. The Phrasebook includes 280 minutes of bilingual audio read by actors. Started preparation for a new edition of Poland: A Historical Atlas. New Appendices are being prepared on such subjects as: Polish contribution to Allied's wartime intelligence: the breaking of the Enigma Codes, Pune Munde rocket production; Poland's contribution to the international law since 1415; Poland's early development of rocket technology such as Polish Rocketry Handbook published in 1650 in which Poles introduced for the first time into the world's literature concepts of multiple warheads, multistage rockets, new controls in rocket flight, etc. Poland's Chronology is being enlarged to reflect the mechanisms of subjugation of Polish people by the Soviet terror apparatus. Continued preparation of the Killing the Best and the Brightest: A Chronology of the USSR-German Attempt to Behead the Polish Nation, including the 1992 revelations from Soviet archives as well as the current research in Poland. Continued preparation of two-volume English Polish Dictionary, a companion to the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary published in 1997. Reviewed Upiorna Dekada by J. T. Gross.

in 1999 Pogonowski continued writing Poland - An Illustrated History and preparing for it 21 maps and diagrams and 89 illustrations.

in 2000 Pogonowski prepared, in a camera ready form, Poland - An Illustrated History; it was published by Hippocrene Books Inc. NY 2000 and recommended by Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski, National Security Advisor under President Carter, as "An important contribution to the better understanding of Polish history, which demonstrates in a vivid fashion the historical vicissitudes of that major European nation."

Polish Army World War II Soldier Bear from Iran archive film Wojtek Niedźwiedź Żołnierz

Polish Army World War II Soldier Bear from Iran archive film Wojtek Niedźwiedź Żołnierz

Przekręt XXI wieku

Przekręt XXI wieku cz. Idr hab. inż. Zbigniew Wrzesiński - profesor Politechniki Warszawskiej, inż. Witold St. Michałowski - Redaktor Naczelny "Rurociągów" (2008-02-09)Rozmowy niedokończonesłuchajzapisz
Przekręt XXI wieku cz. II dr hab. inż. Zbigniew Wrzesiński - profesor Politechniki Warszawskiej, inż. Witold St. Michałowski - Redaktor Naczelny "Rurociągów" (2008-02-09)Rozmowy niedokończonesłuchajzapisz

Autor tekstu: Witold Stanisław Michałowski; Oryginał: www.racjonalista.pl/kk.php/s,4331Sarmacki gazociągAutor tekstu: Witold Stanisław Michałowski
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O potężnych złożach gazu pod dnem Morza Barentsa wiadomo od dość dawna. Upamiętniają nazwiska swoich odkrywców Stockmana i Sawczenki. Z południowej części tego morza pomiędzy półwyspem Kola a Nową Ziemią, półwyspem Kanin i wyspą Kółgujewa, których nazwy przyzywają lodowe upiory ofiar łagrów, uczyniono mogilnik radzieckiej broni jądrowej. Spoczywają tam wraki atomowych łodzi podwodnych, elementy konstrukcji ich reaktorów, korodujące pojemniki zawierające śmierć. Banki, które udzielą kredytów na finansowanie zagospodarowania obu złóż i wydobycie gazu długo się wahały z podjęciem decyzji. Podjęto ją zaledwie parę miesięcy temu przy akceptacji rządów Norwegii i Rosji. Nie ujawniono kosztów jakie zostaną poniesione na deaktywację promieniującego złomu. Są bardzo poważne, mimo że gęstość zaludnienia brzegów Morza Barentsa oscyluje blisko zera. Linia rozgraniczenia szelfu obu tych krajów przebiega wzdłuż 35 stopnia szerokości geograficznej północnej. Początek bierze u wylotu fiordu Varanger w małej rybackiej osadzie której patronuje święty Jakub. W pobliżu rozpoczyna się szosa E6 prowadząca do norweskiego Tromso.
Niedawne oświadczenia prezydentów Rosji, Niemiec i Francji o zamiarze budowy gazociągu wzdłuż dna Bałtyku mogły mieć miejsce dopiero po uzyskaniu zapewnienia, że będzie możliwa eksploatacja złóż na Morzu Barentsa. Założenia jego budowy są w pełni racjonalne. Zdumienie tylko budzi reakcja niektórych z naszych polityków, zdumionych że Rosjanie zamierzają wydać na ten gazociąg około 6 miliardów USD podczas gdy ułożenie II nitki Gazociągu Jamalskiego przez Polskę rzekomo kosztowało by ich tylko miliard. Panowie, nauczcie się liczyć i od czasu do czasu spoglądajcie na mapę. Z rejonu przyszłej eksploatacji obu złóż do jamalskiej magistrali jest około półtora tysiąca kilometrów prowadzących przez bezludne tundry i tajgi. Koszt budowy dwóch nitek gazociągu o dużej średnicy wyniesie w tych warunkach nie mniej niż dwa miliony dolarów za kilometr. Daje to blisko 3 mld USD które należało by wyłożyć chcąc przesyłać gaz jamalską rurą. Zapomina się o najważniejszym. Opłaty za tranzyt gazu przez Białoruś i Polskę. O ile w przypadku tego pierwszego kraju nie będę się wypowiadał, to należy pamiętać, że prezes URE (Urzędu Regulacji Energetyki) zatwierdził stosunkowo niedawno stawkę w wysokości ca 2,7 USD za przesył 1000 m3 gazu na 100 km.. Zakładając, że założenia przesyłu 54 mld.m3 gazu rocznie Gazociągiem Bałtyckim będą dotrzymane to jego tranzyt przez nasz kraj mógłby kosztować ca 1,2 mld. USD Koszt budowy w tej sytuacji zwróci się zaledwie po paru latach eksploatacji, mimo że inwestor będzie zmuszony prawdopodobnie wyłożyć znaczące wielomiliardowe kwoty na unieszkodliwienie zatopionych w tym morzu zapasów broni chemicznej z okresu jeszcze I Wojny Światowej.
Dopiero teraz gazowy kurek może stać się dla Rosji wygodnym argumentem do wywierania na nas nacisków. Postawa krajów należących do twardego jądra UE budzi zdumienie tym bardziej, że pomysł Bałtyckiej Dwururki nie jest nowy. Pojawił się co najmniej 5 lat temu. Można było wówczas, pomysłodawcom pokrzyżować plany. Narzędziem do tego celu mogła być BALTICPIPE. Stosunkowo niedrogi (350 mln dol.) i krótki (230 km) gazociąg biegnący w poprzek Bałtyku z Polski do Danii, W dniu 23 sierpnia 2001 r. redakcja RUROCIAGÓW zorganizowała jego promocję. Obecni na niej byli attache handlowi ambasad Ukrainy, Litwy, Czech, Kazachstanu i Rosji, Amerykanin - naczelny redaktor NAFTA& GAZ BIZNES, a nawet przedstawiciel ówczesnego prezydenta Czeczenii. Gorącym orędownikiem inwestycji łączącej pomorskie Niechorze z duńskimi złożami gazu, zarządzanymi przez firmę DONG był jeden z ówczesnych wiceprezesów PGNiG, Piotr Woźniak. Zdawał sobie on sprawę z tego że gazociąg na polski brzeg Bałtyku poważnie utrudni budowę gazociągu wzdłuż jego dna do Niemiec. BALTICPIPE leżała by już wówczas w poprzek jego trasy. Niestety, z jakichś tajemniczych powodów, zarówno prezes Woźniak, jak i kilku innych zwolenników realnej dywersyfikacji zostało zwolnionych z pracy w PGNiG w ekspresowym tempie. Projekt odłożono, potem zarzucono. Dzisiaj stracił rację bytu chociażby dlatego, że Duńczycy sprzedali swoje pola gazowe Anglikom, a ci ostatni — w związku z pogorszeniem się rentowności własnych bardzo liczą na tańszy gaz rosyjski i nie zechcą Moskwy drażnić jakimiś rurami w poprzek ich interesów. Złoża duńskie w ciągu najbliższej dekady najprawdopodobniej ulegną wyczerpaniu. BALTICPIPE , można by tłoczyć gaz również w odwrotną stronę dostarczając go w przyszłości z wciąż nie w pełni wykorzystywanej I nitki gazociągu jamalskiego do Danii co byłoby również niezwykle opłacalne.
Ogłoszenie decyzji prezydentów Rosji, Niemiec i Francji o budowie Gazociągu Bałtyckiego jest dobrą nowiną. Rozwiązuje nam ręce. Jest kolejnym mocnym argumentem za anulowaniem pakietu porozumień gazowych z Rosją. Przy ich zawieraniu popełniono poważne błędy prawne. Założenia techniczno-ekonomiczne do nich też są już dawno nieaktualne. Anachronizm, czy wyrażając się bardziej dosadnie, bubel prawny rodem z zamierzchłej breżniewowskiej epoki w której zamierzano na gazowym stryczku powiesić tych zgniłych kapitalistów. Warto zajrzeć do radzieckich opracowań z połowy lat osiemdziesiątych. Warto podkreślić, że prezydent Putin dyscyplinując niepłacących podatków oligarchów posłużył się prawem Federacji Rosyjskiej.
Poddaję też pod rozwagę podjęcie bardziej niekonwencjonalnych działań.
W 1891 r. postała w Nowym Jorku pierwsza w dziejach „liga konsumencka"
Nic więc nie stoi na przeszkodzie, aby powołać LIGĘ KONSUMENTÓW GAZU. Powinni wejść w jej skład odbiorcy gazu z Polski, Białorusi, Ukrainy, Litwy, Łotwy, Estonii, Ukrainy, Mołdawii, Turcji, Azerbejdżanu i Gruzji. Za czasów ZSRR większość z tych krajów była traktowana tak jak to jeszcze pamiętamy, i bardzo wielu ich obywateli oddało życie jako pensjonariusze archipelagu Gułag budując cywilizacyjną infrastrukturę syberyjskiej kolonii Rosji. Potomkom należy się chyba minimalna rekompensata...
W naszym interesie jest też takie zharmonizowanie ceny gazu w basenie Morza Czarnego, abyśmy płacili nie więcej niż Turcy, którzy za otrzymywany z Rosji gaz płacą przeszło dwa razy mniej niż my, tj. ca 70 USD za 1000 m3. Turcja aspiruje do wejścia do Unii Europejskiej. Jej najpoważniejszym atutem jest znakomite położenie pomostowe dla tranzytu gazu do UE z Iranu, Iraku, Azerbejdżanu, Kazachstanu i Turkmenistanu, a w dalszej przyszłości również z Uzbekistanu i Egiptu. Łączny potencjał gazowy tych krajów jest tylko o 1/5 mniejszy niż złóż kontrolowanych przez Rosję. Położone są jednak na obszarach bez porównania bardziej dostępnych niż północ Syberii, dlatego koszty wydobycia będą wielekroć niższe.
LIGA KONSUMENTÓW GAZU mogłaby być poważnym partnerem do negocjacji z dostawcami gazu z kierunku wschodniego. Powinni brać w nich udział przedstawiciele narodów żyjących na obszarach wydobycia jak i organizacji ekologicznych. Dewastacja naturalnego środowiska w wielu rejonach Syberii bogatych w ropę naftową i gaz ziemny przekracza wszelkie wyobrażenia. Grozi katastrofą na skalę globalną, dużo większą niż wycinanie puszczy amazońskiej i amerykańskie kwaśne deszcze. Nie do zaakceptowania jest też obecne „związanie" ceny gazu z ceną ropy naftowej.
Polską racją stanu jest przyjęcie Turcji, jedynego państwa który przeciwstawiało się rozbiorom I Rzeczypospolitej, do Unii Europejskiej. Należy też stopniowo zwiększać zakupy ropy naftowej w krajach tureckojęzycznych, takich jak: Azerbejdżan, Kazachstan, Tataria i Baszkiria. Najważniejsze jednakże byłoby przystąpienie do opracowywania pre-feasibility study dla budowy gazociągu ze złóż Shah Deniz znajdujących się w rejonie pogranicznego azersko-irańskiego szelfu południa Morza Kaspijskiego do Bramy Przemyskiej. Zasobność tych złóż jest szacowana na ca 700 mld. m3 gazu. Prawdopodobnie jest dużo większa. Koszt budowy gazociągu np. o średnicy 48", którym będzie można tłoczyć 20 mld m3 gazu rocznie, nie powinien przekroczyć 5 mld. USD
SARMACKI GAZOCIAG należało by poprowadzić wzdłuż doliny rzeki Kury, którą przebiega granica Azji i Europy, Gruzję, pobrzeże Morza Czarnego, Krym i nizinną Ukrainę. Granicę Polski osiągnąłby w okolicach Przemyśla. To w prostej linii zaledwie 2150 km. Przeszło dwa razy krócej niż z Półwyspu Jamał. Po drodze zaś nie ma wiecznej zmarzliny i bezdennych bagien. Cena gazu w basenie Morza Czarnego powinna być zharmonizowana na poziomie ca 60 USD za 1000 m3. Byłoby to tylko niewiele mniej niż płacą obecnie Turcy, już po uwzględnieniu amortyzacji gazociągu podmorskiego BLUE STREAM, który dociera do Samsun.
Byłoby to też przeszło 100 USD mniej niż my płacimy obecnie.
Poseł do Parlamentu Europejskiego prof. Jerzy Buzek, były premier, odpowiedzialny obecnie za wykorzystanie środków unijnych w ramach VII programu PR-7, na spotkaniu z przedstawicielami środowisk inżynierskich w NOT (15.07.br.) odniósł się do przedstawionej mu powyższej propozycji niezwykle pozytywnie. Na pewno warto przystąpić chociażby do opracowania założeń dla feasibility study. Powinna je sfinansować Unia Europejska. Tak naprawdę to nie tylko Polska i Ukraina zwiększyłyby po zbudowaniu SARMACKIEGO GAZOCIAGU swoje bezpieczeństwo energetyczne dywersyfikując dostawy gazu, ale również pozostałe kraje UE, Austrii i Włoch nie wyłączając.
Eksperci od inżynierii finansowej są zgodni, że taką inwestycją może być zainteresowana grupa banków bliskowschodnich gotowa udzielić kredytów w wysokości co najmniej 40% kosztów budowy. Jeśli zaś rządy krajów zainteresowanych odbiorem kaspijskiego gazu, tj. Polski i Ukrainy w pierwszej kolejności, poręczą kredyty w wysokości po 15% kosztów, to pozostałe 30% mogą być atrakcyjnymi inwestycjami nie tylko dla banków rosyjskich, amerykańskich i z krajów UE, ale nawet dla Bank of China.
W takich firmach jak GAZOPROJEKT, INVESTGAS, czy MEGAGAZ znajdą się fachowcy, którzy sprostają nowemu wyzwaniu. Jesteśmy przecież w którymś tam pokoleniu w prostej linii potomkami Sarmatów. Pochodzić oni mieli od indo-irańskiego plemienia Medów zamieszkujących przed paru tysiącami lat pobrzeże Morza Kaspijskiego.